The long road to reach 5G technology (infographic)

5G technology is a remarkable change, a big step forward, in regards to communications technologies.It is not just a "mere" change of figures, as has happened so far with 2G, 3G and 4G and their respective decimals of the 4.5G type.The next generation of Mobile communications is also the enabler of new ways of understanding telecommunications and is the key to the door to technological solutions that until now are very complicated to implement.

Currently, there is much talk about the Internet of Things, the connected or autonomous car, virtual or augmented reality, telemedicine and even robotics, but without a ubiquitous, fast communications network, Safe and reliable as 5G promises to be , it is complicated to make a widespread deployment of these technologies.

Related Current mobile communications technologies are the result of an evolution that has as its cornerstone the 2G networks deployed there in the 90s (see attached infographic).Network equipment has been improving the possibilities of that archaic technology, adding frequencies, modulations, more refined network equipment and fast, but in the background it is as if we were using a bicycle with a fixed pinon in which we can only move our legs faster, but nothing more.There comes a time in which, without change of development, you can not increase the cadence.

5G is a substantial change beyond an evolution .Following this analogy, 5G is a full-fledged development change.With 5G we go pedaling at a rate of 120 pedaled per minute to go at 20 km/h, you can cycle at a rate of 20 pedaling per minute to go to 80 km/h.

5G, A qualitative and quantitative leap

With 5G, practically all the parameters of the communications networks improve in many orders of magnitude .And thanks to this, it will be possible, for example, to implement technologies that require a communications network capable of handle tens of thousands of connected objects located in the same area and with a latency of 5 to 1 millisecond .

The long road to reach 5G technology (infographic)

To give us an idea, for the connected car or, with a latency of 100 ms in communications and for a speed of 108 Km/h, a slowing order would take time to reach the car from a 100 ms control center, so that the car could be running 3 meters without control .Enough time to collide with the vehicle in front of it or run over a cyclist or skip a detour.

For applications of medicine , this type of latency makes it impossible, for example, to operate remotely in a reliable way .With latencies above 1 ms , the user does not have a clear awareness that the movements he marks are running correctly, and the same happens in virtual or augmented reality applications.

In Internet of Things applications , the benefit comes both from efficiency, with energy savings of more than 90% compared to current communications, and by number of devices that the communications network can handle in a given area, which goes from 100,000 for 4.5G to one million .

In addition, 5G networks will allow service not only to mobile phones, but also to homes, with better performance even than fiber optic.

When will we see 5G

The "problem" of 5G is that requires a lot of work, development and investment by communications operators in order to change the network infrastructure.It's not just about renewing equipment in communications towers, but to modify the backroom of network control, moving from hardware devices to data centers in which virtualization technologies are implemented, such as software-defined networks or virtualization of network functions.

Basically, moves the intelligence of the network of base stations to data centers where network traffic is managed using software basically .The advantage is to be able to configure services or redistribute network resources in a matter of a few minutes instead of taking hours or days like now.

At the moment, forcing current technologies, latencies of about 10 ms are achieved in the best case with 4.5G, and tens of thousands of devices can be handled per square kilometer with speeds above 1 Gbps.for now, but surely the near future on the horizon will require infrastructures that allow lower latencies and a greater number of connected devices.A future that is written with 5 and with G, and in which operators like Orange are already working.It is difficult to talk about a specific date, the most repeated year is 2020.Until that time comes, this is the path we have traveled to the new generation of wireless communications.

The long road to reach 5G technology (infographic)

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